The amerian water spaniel originates from different types of land and water spaniels brought to America with immigrants. It was originally called 'brown water spaniel', and was developed mainly as a bird dog, working as a flusher and retriever. Its smaller size lets it follow along in boats and to hide alongside with the hunter.
During the early 1900's british gundogs became much more popular in the US and their own spaniel lost in popularity. Today the breed is still relatively rare, but it is appreciated among hunters, while rare outside North America.

The american water spaniel is a medium sized spaniel with a curly coat. It is eary to train, has great endurance and is noted for being strong. The head is of medium size with relatively broad skull and lightly marked stop. The muzzle is powerful. The eyes are preferred to have an open and alert expression. The ears are long and broad, set pretty low and covered in wavy fur. The body has a deep chest with strong back and thighs. The legs are well angulated, and the tail is carried in line with or a bit under the back line. The coat is somewhat curly, water resistant and shorter on the face.