The Rhodesian ridgeback was created by European settlers in South Africa in the 16th century, who found a breed living with the Hottentot tribe which had a distinctive ridge, and bred this to European dogs. The ridgeback was bred as a versatile hunting dog, capable of everything from hunting lions to flushing partridge. It was also used as a guard dog.

The Rhodesian ridgeback is a strong, muscular breed, capable of good speed and endurance. The overall impression should be of strength and athleticism. The most distinctive feature is the ridge on the back, which is formed by hair growing in the opposite direction to the rest of the coat. The ridge should run from the shoulders to the hips. The coat is sleek and glossy. The tail should be carried with a slight upwards curve. The muzzle is long with a reasonable stop and close-fitting lips. The ridgeback has an even, dignified temperament but is wary of strangers.